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- <text>
- <title>
- Czechoslovakia: Meciar Interviewed on Power Sharing
- </title>
- <article>
- <hdr>
- Foreign Broadcast Information Service, January 3, 1991
- Czechoslovakia: Meciar Interviewed on Power Sharing, Nationalism
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>[Interview with Slovak Prime Minister Vladimir Meciar by Hubert
- Margl; place and date not given: "We Want To Live on What We
- Produce Ourselves." Vienna DIE PRESSE in German, 31 Dec 90 p.
- 6]
- </p>
- <p> [Text] [Margl] Prime Minister, Czechoslovakia, as well as
- your government, which has been in office for less than seven
- months, have undergone two severe political crises this year.
- The recent one was the conflict concerning the rights of the
- Federal, Czech, and Slovak Governments. Can the new
- power-sharing law, which cedes to the central government in
- Prague control over monetary, foreign, and defense policy,
- create a balance?
- </p>
- <p> [Meciar] There was the danger of a crisis, but the crisis
- never materialized. The law on power sharing, which has now
- finally been passed, is intended to disband a certain political
- system of central power. Nobody can set up a democratic society
- while maintaining the old administrative structure at the same
- time. We Slovaks have made it clear: We want to live on what we
- produce ourselves; we are not interested in any redistribution
- processes.
- </p>
- <p> [Margl] However, this meets with permanent resistance in
- Prague, where Bratislava is accused of separatist tendencies.
- </p>
- <p> [Meciar] For us it was incomprehensible that those people
- who carried out the revolution in November 1989 changed their
- minds when facing the challenge of reshaping the instruments of
- power of the communists as well, that is to say, of the entire
- state administration. We also fail to understand why such a
- great degree of polemics has emerged in connection with this
- question, because our proposals have never transgressed the
- border of the joint state and never went beyond the powers of,
- for example, a German land such as Bavaria.
- </p>
- <p> [Margl] Well, the Prague leadership sees this differently.
- </p>
- <p> [Meciar] We assumed that it would be possible to solve the
- problems on the basis of a gentleman's agreement. However, the
- Czech public and many Czech politicians saw the problem in a
- completely different light. There were attempts to return to a
- unitarian state and to create federal provinces, which is
- absolutely without any historical foundation in Slovakia. These
- would be instruments for dissolving the republics and
- strengthening the central power.
- </p>
- <p> [Margl] Do you think that this danger has now been averted?
- </p>
- <p> [Meciar] The development only ends with the adoption of new
- constitutional laws. We will pass a new Slovak constitution,
- which should be adopted by the Federal Assembly. It is intended
- to conclude this political development by the end of October.
- I cannot rule out new tensions, but we certainly do not want to
- leave the boundaries of the common state.
- </p>
- <p> [Margl] So Slovakia has no intention of pursuing a Slovene
- course?
- </p>
- <p> [Meciar] No. Those who would prefer a Slovene course are a
- clear minority here. However, the trust between politicians in
- Bohemia/Moravia and Slovakia must be strengthened, because it
- is true that each side is suspicious of the other. The Czechs
- believe that Slovakia wants to split away and parts of the
- Slovaks believe that the Czechs want to provoke a situation
- that causes Slovakia to take exactly this step.
- </p>
- <p> [Margl] During the crisis of the sharing of power, President
- Vaclav Havel, whose popularity has declined in the last half
- year, particularly in Slovakia, has called for special powers
- to prevent the disintegration of the country. Do you approve of
- such powers?
- </p>
- <p> [Meciar] Vaclav Havel's moral and political credit must be
- highly valued. Nevertheless, it is true that Havel's last
- speech in parliament caused a negative response on the part of
- Slovakia. As far as his personal qualities are concerned, he is
- strong, yet as far as his position in the state administration
- is concerned, we believe in the primacy of parliament. The
- demands for strengthening presidential rights will be a subject
- of political struggle. As a deputy I will not support Havel's
- demand in this connection.
- </p>
- <p> [Margl] Offices are currently being installed in Bratislava
- Castle for Havel, where he will reside some days every week.
- When will this be ready?
- </p>
- <p> [Margl] Well, Havel is also the President of the Slovaks. A
- small office is currently being installed in the castle at
- Havel's request. Two rooms are being renovated, and work has
- virtually been concluded. Besides, the president also needs
- some staff. We hope that he will receive visitors and applicants
- in Bratislava before long.
- </p>
- <p> [Margl] The first crisis of your less than seven months in
- office took place in mid-October in connection with the new
- language law and, in particular, the rights of the Hungarian
- minority. At the time Bratislava parliament was even besieged
- by nationalists. How strong are they in your opinion?
- </p>
- <p> [Meciar] Actually, all this had nothing to do with the
- language law, but with the taking over of power. However, only
- political means were used in that struggle. Nobody was arrested
- and we did not send the police in. The result is that in the
- recent local elections, the nationalists only gained 1.6
- percent of the vote. This is only one-tenth of what they
- received in the parliamentary elections. It was an important
- test in which the government showed its strength. However, we
- also had to pay a high price for it.
- </p>
- <p> [Margl] In what sense?
- </p>
- <p> [Meciar] The effects can be felt in international trade.
- Many new projects were starting to develop most promisingly. Yet
- this episode of nationalist fighting has made the ground more
- insecure. Politically, we quickly got the situation under
- control. Now it is important for the other countries also to
- realize that this was nothing but an episode and that it is not
- a permanent political state.
- </p>
- <p> [Margl] Do you thus declare that the nationalist-separatist
- movement in Slovakia has ended?
- </p>
- <p> [Meciar] For the foreseeable future, nationalist activities
- will not be stronger than in any other democratic country.
- Moreover, changes are taking place even within the nationalist
- movement. It is looking for new guidelines and new leadership
- bodies that are acceptable to the public.
- </p>
- <p> [Margl] How long will it take to transform the planned
- economy into a market economy in Slovakia?
- </p>
- <p> [Meciar] The fundamental alterations will require two to
- three years. However, adapting the economy to European standards
- will take us about ten years. I cannot rule out even a longer
- period of time.
- </p>
- <p> [Margl] Personally, are your striving for higher office in
- the state?
- </p>
- <p> [Meciar] I have never had such ambitions. My office
- requires so much energy that I do not have time for personal
- ideas. My only objective is to minimize the risks that this
- country is facing.
- </p>
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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